Auxilary material for : 1 Decreased monsoon precipitation in the 2 Northern Hemisphere due to anthropogenic aerosols
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چکیده
Figure S2 shows spatial linear trend patterns for MJJAS precipitation for observations 14 (GPCC) and the multi-model mean for each individual forcing. The spatial pattern of ALL 15 and ANT are more consistent with the AA than the GHG multi-model mean. GHG multi16 model mean shows increasing precipitation over most of the NHSM region, while the AA 17 multi-model means shows mostly drying trends. The observed trends show an increase in 18 precipitation over the whole period over South America and parts of Asia, while the ALL 19 multi-model mean shows a decrease in precipitation in these regions. Conversely, in parts of 20 Africa, the ALL multi-model mean has increasing precipitation while the observations show 21 an overall decrease, though the models do not tend to show much consistency in the sign of 22 the trends (less than 2/3 of simulations have trends of the same sign). However the timeseries 23 for the observed mean precipitation in the NHSM region (Figs S3-S6) show that precipitation 24
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Decreased monsoon precipitation in the Northern Hemisphere due to anthropogenic aerosols
The Northern Hemisphere monsoons are an integral component of Earth’s hydrological cycle and affect the lives of billions of people. Observed precipitation in the monsoon regions underwent substantial changes during the second half of the twentieth century, with drying from the 1950s to mid-1980s and increasing precipitation in recent decades. Modeling studies suggest that anthropogenic aerosol...
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18 The late 20 th century response of the South Asian monsoon to changes in anthropogenic 19 aerosols from local (i.e., South Asia) and remote (i.e., outside South Asia) sources was 20 investigated using historical simulations with a state-of-the-art climate model. The observed 21 summertime drying over India is replaced by widespread wettening once local aerosol emissions 22 are kept at pre-in...
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